By Theory and Experiment Fickett Davis
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Example text
The CJ condition, however, is another matter. 15. Liquids and solids, Sec. 3B, are much harder to study. The equation of state is so poorly known that a direct comparison of an a priori calculation with experiment is useless. Clean-cut experiments are more difficult, because no rigid confinement is available. A steady solution can be assured and the effects of lateral expansion removed by working with long charges of several large diameters, and extrapolating to infinite charge diameter. This is too tedious and expensive for measurement of 55 EXPERIMENTAL TESTS Chap.
White's measurements of the behavior of following waves, and the measurements of the propagation velocity of weak disturbances by Fay and Opel and by Edwards, Jones, and Price are interpreted to mean that the flow behind the reaction zone is supersonic, and the supersonic flow means that the detonation final state is on the weak branch of the detonation Hugoniot curve. In the long tubes used in the experiments, the expansion in the rarefaction wave following the detonation is very slow, and one-dimensional theory predicts a correspondingly slow increase of the Mach number from unity.
Except for a few very special cases, there are no explicit solutions of the equations. They are studied by theoretical analysis of their general properties and by numerical calculation of particular cases. Because they are relatively tractable, the steady detonation solutions discussed in the next chapter play an important part in this study. In this case the partial differential equations reduce to ordinary ones. Much can be learned about the nature of their possible solutions by theoretical study of their phase space, particularly the nature and location of the critical points.
